Driving in China requires a valid driver’s license; foreign licenses are not recognized. The process for getting licensed depends on your visa status and whether you’re applying for a short-term permit or a full license.
China has strict traffic rules, such as driving on the right, mandatory seat belts, and tough penalties for drunk driving and mobile phone use behind the wheel. Understanding these essentials will help you drive safely and legally.
;This guide covers everything you need to know about driving in China, from getting your license to the most important laws and what to expect on Chinese roads.
Key Takeaways 💡
🚗 Foreigners can drive in China with an International Driving Permit (IDP) + home license (short-term) or a Chinese driver’s license (long-term).
📜 License conversion is required for residents the process includes a written test (in English at some locations).
⚠️ Strict traffic rules: No phone use while driving, zero alcohol tolerance, and heavy violation fines.
🚦 Unique road customs: Right-of-way often goes to larger vehicles, and honking is common.
🚨 Penalties include fines, license suspension, or deportation for serious offenses.
Driving in China: License Requirements for Foreigners
Foreigners who want to drive in China need to meet specific license rules. These rules depend on how long you plan to stay and what type of license you have from home.
Short-Term Visitors (Tourists & Business Travelers)
As a visitor, you cannot use only your International Driving Permit (IDP) or foreign driver's license to legally drive in mainland China.
China is not part of the international agreements that recognize IDPs. In most cases, an IDP and your home license are not enough.
For short stays up to 90 days, temporary driving permits are available in some cities. To get one, you usually need:
- Your passport
- A valid visa
- Your foreign driver's license
- A translated copy of your license
Some car rental companies in large cities may help you get a temporary permit at the airport or major train stations. However, many will not rent to you without a Chinese license.
Always check with your rental company in advance. Rules can change, and not every city offers temporary permits.
📌 Also Read: How To Get a Chinese Driving License as an Expat: A Complete Guide
Long-Term Residents (Expats & Workers)
To reside in China for over 90 days, you must obtain a Chinese driver's license. Driving with only your foreign license is illegal, even if it remains valid.
Here is how you can convert your foreign license:
- Submit your valid foreign driver's license.
- Provide a certified Chinese translation.
- Take a basic health check at an approved clinic or hospital.
- Register at the local vehicle administration office.
- Pass a written theory exam on Chinese traffic rules and road signs.
The theory exam is usually in Chinese, but major cities like Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou offer English versions.
Practical driving tests are not always needed if you already have a valid foreign license.
Be prepared to get extra documents, such as your residence permit, photos, and application form. Processing times can vary by city.
📌 Also Read: China Residence Permit: Everything You Need to Know
Can You Drive with Just a Foreign License?
Driving in China with only your foreign license is against the law. There are some risks:
- Fines: Police may fine you if caught driving without a legal license.
- Insurance Problems: Your car insurance may not cover you in case of an accident.
- Vehicle Rental: Most rental agencies will not rent to you without a Chinese license.
There are a few exceptions. If you have a Hong Kong, Macau, or Taiwan driver's license, you may be able to convert it more easily or get a special permit in some areas.
If you get caught driving without a Chinese license, you may face extra penalties, such as being stopped from getting a license later. Always get the proper permit to avoid problems.
Driving in China: Key Traffic Rules and Road Culture
When driving in China, you must follow strict traffic rules and know unique local driving customs. Speed limits and toll systems can differ from what you may be used to, so understanding these details helps keep you safe and avoids problems.
Must-Know Traffic Laws
China has very strict rules for drivers. The blood alcohol content limit is 0.02 percent, which is basically zero. Even one drink can put you over the limit, and if caught, you will face heavy fines or even jail.
Using a handheld phone while driving is banned. If you need to use your phone, it must be hands-free only. Police watch for these violations and fines are common.
Everyone in the car, including passengers in the back seat, must wear seatbelts. Not following this law means you and your passengers can get fined on the spot. Always make sure everyone is buckled before you start driving.
Unique Chinese Road Customs
Traffic in China does not always follow the pattern you might expect. On busy roads, larger vehicles like buses and trucks often get priority, and other drivers will usually let them go first.
Honking is very common across the country, especially in crowded cities. However, cities like Beijing discourage frequent honking to control noise. There are signs reminding drivers not to use horns unless really needed.
Jaywalking happens often, but drivers are still supposed to yield to people at crosswalks. Everyone may not always respect pedestrian crossings, so always stay alert, slow down, and watch for people crossing anywher
Local Habits List
- Buses and trucks get priority.
- Honking is common but sometimes discouraged.
- Drivers must stop for people at crosswalks.
Speed Limits & Toll Roads
China uses signs to show speed limits, and you will see cameras checking speeds on most roads. Highways usually have limits between 100 and 120 kilometers per hour.
Most major expressways and some smaller highways have toll gates. You can pay with cash or use an ETC (electronic toll collection) card. ETC is more popular and lets you drive through special lanes without stopping.
Some roads have different speed limits for cars, trucks, and buses. Always watch for posted signs and follow them. Police may stop you for speeding, and fines are high if you break the rules.
📌 Also Read: What Is China’s Legal Drinking Age? Laws and Cultural Perspectives
Penalties for Breaking Traffic Laws in China
If you drive in China, you should know that traffic violations have strict penalties. Depending on your actions, fines, points, and even criminal charges may apply.
Common Fines & Violations
China has clear rules for fines and penalties.
- Speeding: Fines range from 200 to 2,000 RMB. In severe cases, your license can be suspended.
- Running red lights: This costs you 6 points plus a 200 RMB fine.
- Drunk driving: This is very serious and can lead to criminal charges. Foreigners caught drunk driving may face deportation.
You must retake both the written and driving tests to get it backOther common violations include not wearing a seatbelt, illegal parking, and using a phone while driving.
These usually come with smaller fines or point penalties. However, collecting many fines or unpaid tickets can lead to license suspension or bigger problems.
The Points System
China uses a point system for drivers. Each year, you start with 12 points, and every violation takes away a set number of points.
If you lose all 12 points in a year, your license will be suspended.
Your license will be suspended if you lose all 12 points in a yearTo get it back, you must retake both the written and driving tests.
You can check your points anytime using popular apps like WeChat or Alipay. Points are usually deducted automatically after each violation. To keep your license, pay attention to your points and avoid repeated mistakes.
📌 Also Read: Can I Get Married in China as a Foreigner?
Renting a Car vs. Using Ride-Hailing in China
Foreigners usually face strict rules when trying to rent a car in China. Getting around without driving yourself is often easier, especially in cities with strong public transport and reliable ride-hailing apps.
Renting a Car as a Foreigner
To rent a car in China, you need a Chinese driver’s license. International Driving Permits (IDPs) or foreign licenses are not accepted. However, you can apply for a temporary Chinese driving license at some airports like Beijing Capital International Airport. You will also need your passport and visa for identification.
Major international companies like Hertz and Avis operate in big cities, but local brands may offer more options.
Rental agreements and insurance details are usually in Chinese, making it harder if you don’t read the language. Car pick-up points are often at airports or train stations.
Costs can vary, but you may find deposits and insurance requirements higher than in some other countries. Also, navigation and road signs are mainly in Chinese, which can be challenging.
Alternatives to Driving
Ride-hailing apps, like Didi Chuxing, are easy to use and widely available in Chinese cities. You can book rides through an English version of the Didi app, making communication much easier if you do not speak Chinese.
Didi and taxis are usually more convenient and safer for short and medium trips, especially if you are new to local roads or traffic rules.
Public transportation in cities like Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou is fast, clean, and affordable. Metro and bus systems often have English signs. For many travelers, using public transport or ride-hailing means less stress and lower costs compared to driving yourself.
📌 Also Read: 8 Forbidden Zones in China: Restricted Areas for Foreigners
Frequently Asked Questions
Foreigners planning to drive in China often have questions about licensing, rules, and what to expect in common situations. China has strict laws for drivers, including rules about licensing, speed limits, and penalties for violations.
Can I drive in China with a US/EU license?
You cannot drive in China with only your US or EU driver’s license. China does not recognize international driving permits either. You need to get a Chinese driver’s license. Short-term visitors can apply for a temporary permit, but if you live in China, you must pass a written exam to get a full license.
Is the Chinese driving test hard for foreigners?
The written test is reported to be difficult because of language and terminology. The exam is available in English, but the questions can sometimes be confusing. Studying the official question bank helps most foreigners to pass the test. Practical skills tests may be required if you do not have a recognized foreign license.
Are speed cameras common in China?
Speed cameras are widely used in cities and on highways in China. They monitor both speed and other traffic violations. Violations caught by cameras can lead to fines and points on your license.
What happens if I’m caught drunk driving?
Penalties for drunk driving in China are strict. You can be fined, have your license suspended, or even face jail time. Police use random breath tests, especially at night. Serious cases may lead to criminal charges.
What happens if I have a car accident in China?
If you are involved in an accident, you must stop and stay at the scene. Call the police and wait for them to arrive. It is recommended that you exchange information and photos. Minor accidents can often be handled through insurance, but serious cases may lead to investigations.
What are the speed limits on Chinese highways and city streets?
Standard highway speed limits in China are 100–120 km/h. Urban speed limits typically range from 40–60 km/h. Be aware that speed limits can vary based on road conditions, construction zones, or weather, so always pay attention to posted signs.
Conclusion
Driving in China comes with its own set of rules and challenges, especially if you are new to the country. Following local traffic laws and making sure your license is valid will help you stay safe and avoid trouble on the road.
If you ever face legal issues or find yourself confused by the rules, do not hesitate to get help. For expert advice and support, reach out to a trusted legal professional.
You can ☎️ contact Choi & Partners for guidance and to protect your rights as a driver in China.
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